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Logic: Techniques of Formal Reasoning, by Donald Kalish, Richard Montague, Gary Mar
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Logic: Techniques of Formal Reasoning, 2/e is an introductory volume that teaches students to recognize and construct correct deductions. It takes students through all logical steps--from premise to conclusion--and presents appropriate symbols and terms, while giving examples to clarify principles. Logic, 2/e uses models to establish the invalidity of arguments, and includes exercise sets throughout, ranging from easy to challenging. Solutions are provided to selected exercises, and historical remarks discuss major contributions to the theories covered.
- Sales Rank: #184739 in Books
- Published on: 1980-04-16
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 6.50" h x 1.00" w x 9.20" l, 1.91 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 520 pages
About the Author
RICHARD MONTAGUE is a well practiced political writer who has written extensively in socialist media. He believes that the creative arts, stories, poems, songs, et al, have an important role in exposing the grim realities of global capitalism. Given the cynical political posturings of both the Left and Right wings of modern capitalism and the abuse of democracy by what has become an entire political industry, millions of people have become indifferent to both politics and democracy.
Ultimately, such people will require persuasion by a more direct process but other forms of cultural expression can and should be used as pointers to the nature, practicability, and feasibility of democratic social revolution to the end of establishing a genuine system of free-access social democracy.
Some of the shorter stories in this collection have appeared in socialist journals and, in an earlier novel, "Frank Faces of the Dead, Montague explored the economic roots of 20th century conflict in Ireland.
Most helpful customer reviews
27 of 29 people found the following review helpful.
Best Textbook
By Roberta
With some saddness, I noted the death of Dr Kalish this month. As an undergrad at UCLA during the mid 60's, I was fortunate to take Dr Kalish's class in Symbolic Logic. Over the years, I realized that his course using this textbook was the most valuable class I took, either as an undergrad or a graduate student. The text offers disciplined procedural logic that clarifies thought processes. At various times, I worked as a mathematical programmer in several higher level languages without ever taking a formal course in any of them. I attribute my success in this area to the Techniques of Formal Reasoning.
20 of 22 people found the following review helpful.
Most Excellent Logic Text
By Myrna Estep
Logic: Techniques of Formal Reasoning, 2nd Edition, by Donald Kalish, Richard Montague, and Gary Mar 1980 (1964)
I was originally introduced to the 1964 edition of Kalish and Montague's Logic: Techniques of Formal Reasoning in early 1970. As an undergraduate taking elementary logic for the first time, needless to say I found the demands of sentential and predicate calculus and theorem-proving in general to be daunting and not a little painful. It was many years later after receiving advanced degrees and teaching logic courses myself, along with researching some of the theoretical horizons in artificial intelligence, that I turned back to this most precious of textbooks. Finding that a second edition had been published, I eagerly bought a copy and set out to re-prove all those theorems.
Sharpening one's logic skills can be a struggle, but it is one well worth undergoing especially with the demands for reasoned discipline imposed by Kalish, Montague, and Mar. Every so often, I go back to this text to prove the theorems once again (though I occasionally skip over a few in the first three chapters). I've found just a few suggestions I would make to the authors, if they were still around, or to whoever may edit it in the future. These pertain only to the first 5 chapters.
The transition from the 125 theorems of the sentential calculus to those of the predicate calculus is a bit rough-going. Almost immediately, one is expected to engage in abbreviated theorem-proving which certainly assumes a command of all those theorems that came before. It would seem that a few more exercises would help students acquire more familiarity with those theorems and with abbreviated proofs. Moreover, one is introduced to more complex inference rules, such as separation of cases, for which few exercises have prepared one, at least up to that point. These may be minor quibbles, but they can cause a lot of confusion, especially to students introduced to logic for the first time.
Additionally, well into Chapter III, it is possible to construct a proof of one of the advanced theorems with the use of hypothetical syllogism. In theorem T235 (corresponding to the Aristotelian syllogism Barbara), one can derive two pure hypothetical statements permitting the application of hypothetical syllogism (the law of transitivity) to deduce a third. Yet neither hypothetical syllogism as a specific rule of inference nor the concept of transitivity has been introduced in previous pages. In fact, hypothetical syllogism as such (including explanations of pure and mixed syllogisms) is never introduced, though principles of syllogism are. The law of transitivity is not introduced until late in Chapter V. Of course, one can derive them, but this can cause confusion for a beginner.
I highly recommend this text over all others that are commonly used in basic undergraduate or even graduate courses. Though Logic: Techniques of Formal Reasoning is more demanding than, say, any of the Copi books, those demands result in more disciplined reasoning, proofs, and a broader understanding of logic and its relation to mathematics.
Myrna L. Estep, Ph.D.
16 of 17 people found the following review helpful.
I still use it after 40 years
By Dennis R. Cohen
The first edition of this book was the textbook for my first formal logic course at UCLA in 1967, taught by Donald Kalish. Because of it, I changed my major from Physics to Mathematics with a specialty in Logic and Set Theory. Forty years later, I still pull the book out and do exercises from the later chapters, certain that such mental exercise sharpens my decision-making skills. I highly recommend this book to anyone who wishes to improve their deductive reasoning.
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